Scope And Aims Primarily being a medical journal, JPMA publishes scholarly research focusing on the various fields in the areas of health and medical education. It publishes original research describing recent advances in health particularly clinical studies, clinical trials, assessments of pathogens of diagnostic importance, medical genetics and epidemiological studies. Review articles highlighting importance of various issues in the domain of public health, drug research and medical education are also accepted. As a leading journal of South Asia, JPMA remains cognizant of the recent advances in the rapidly growing fields of biomedical sciences, it invites and encourages scholars to write short reviews and invited editorials on the emerging issues. We particularly aim to promote health standards of developing countries by encouraging manuscript submissions on issues affecting the public health and health delivery services. An efficient system of article submission process governed by the editorial board comprising experts from the various fields of biomedical sciences and also well supported by the able staff members assures timely feedback and publications of manus. History of JPMA The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association (JPMA) [ISSN (Print): 0030-9982 ISSN (Linking): 0030-9982-L] is a leading, monthly, biomedical journal of Pakistan. It was founded in 1953 as a quarterly, and converted into a monthly in 1957. It has the distinction of being the first Medline indexed journal from Pakistan (1975). JPMA is included in the journal list of International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) since 2010. JPMA is nationally recognised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC), the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Pakistan (CPSP), and the Higher Education Commission, Pakistan (HEC). It is included in the “W” category of HEC journals. Senior members of JPMA’s editorial board have memberships of the Committee of Publication Ethics – United Kingdom (COPE-UK), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), Eastern Mediterranean Association of Medical Editors (EMAME), and Pakistan Association of Medical Editors (PAME). JPMA has an H Index of 46 (2021) which is the highest in all the medical journals of Pakistan (provided by SCImago Journal and Country Rank, SJR) [1]. The current impact factor is 1.002 (2021 – provided by Thomson Reuters/ISI Web of Science) [2].