Focus and Scope Islamic Studies is a Scopus-indexed peer-reviewed research journal in Islamics, published by the Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan, since 1962. It publishes research articles, notes, comments, review essays, archives, documents, profiles, seminar proceedings, and book reviews in all disciplines of Islamic studies including the Qur’anic and hadith sciences, sirah, theology, Islamic law, and jurisprudence. Moreover, articles related to philosophy, psychology, anthropology, sociology, culture, civilization, architecture, political science, economics, language, literature, history, science, and technology with a focus on Islamic studies contents are also published in it. Its contributors include some of the very best scholars from across the world. Aims and Objectives The objective of Islamic Studies is to publish original research and explore new dimensions of knowledge in the field of Islamics. The journal also aims to identify and study contemporary problems of the Muslim world, contribute to the revival of Islamic heritage, and publish research articles to advance Islamic disciplines. Open Access Policy This journal provides immediate open access to its contents with the exception of the full text of the peer-reviewed research articles, access to which requires a subscription to the journal. To take out a subscription to the journal, please write to . Journal History Islamic Studies is a Scopus-indexed, peer-reviewed research journal in Islamics, published by the Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan, since 1962. The Publishing Institute of the Journal Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad is a pioneer research institution in Pakistan. Established in 1960, the Institute’s objectives include defining Islam “in terms of its fundamentals in a rational and liberal manner;” bringing out Islam’s “dynamic character in the context of the intellectual and scientific progress of the modern world;” carrying out research in the contribution of Islam to thought, science and culture as well as holding academic studies in all the disciplines of Islamic Studies. For further information on the Institute, its publications and its activities, please visit the Institute’s website: http://iri.iiu.e