Abstract

The depleting resources of diesel and increasing exhaust emissions has caused damage to ozone layer and global. An alternative and renewable source of diesel is biodiesel that can help to minimize the said problems. In this research, the production of biodiesel from residual vegetable oil using the transesterification process and the analysis and side by side study of the properties and performance of different blends [B5, B10 and B15] of biodiesel and conventionally used diesel is carried out by fueling up the engine with these fuels. The objective of this research is to verify the suitability of biodiesel and different blends of it to be used in place of conventional diesel by measuring different parameters i.e., engine torque, consumption and exhaust temperature using dynamometer, graduated cylinder and calorimeter in combination, with sensor and digital display (ESSOM MT 520/502) as an output device. The acquired data for the aforementioned parameters underwent analysis employing statistical techniques. The results revealed that Blend B5 demonstrated a minimal reduction in torque, specifically less than 0.5 N, at intermediate speed levels. Additionally, it exhibited the lowest exhaust gas temperature. Conversely, Blend B15 demonstrated the most favorable fuel consumption when compared to conventional diesel. These findings contribute valuable insights into the performance characteristics of the blends, particularly in terms of torque, exhaust gas temperature, and fuel efficiency.