Abstract

The eggshell membrane (ESM) is a useful biomaterial derived from egg industry byproducts. This detailed overview discusses ESM's complicated structural composition and molecular chemistry, along with its applications in several sectors. ESM is made up of collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteins from the eggshell matrix. This review investigates extraction approaches, such as mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic procedures, and discusses the multiple issues connected with solubilizing ESM proteins. ESM offers a wide range of therapeutic applications, including tissue regeneration, wound healing, joint health, osteoarthritis symptom reduction, and improved skin wound recovery. ESM has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics, which make it a key component in pharmaceutical compositions. ESM also plays an important role in electric devices and next-generation batteries, which can provide potential future opportunities for sustainable energy solutions. This review focuses on the diverse applications of ESM and possible developments, emphasizing its importance as a promising biomaterial in the fields of medicine and pharmaceuticals.